OPPS: Operation Chemistry Operation Chemistry is a national project of the American Chemical Society, funded from 1994 to 1997 by the NSF. It resulted from a careful review of Operation Physics. In most respects, Operation Chemistry and Operation Physics--the antecedent to Operation Primary Physical Science--are similar: they both targeted teachers in grades 4-8, and both sought to improve the understanding and teaching of their respective sciences through the use of intensively-trained and geographically-based lead teams. Operation Chemistry is described in some detail in this site. See example entitled American Chemical Society.